Science Note
[Dec. 3, 2024] Previous Science Note
Boosting T-cells with Mitochondrial Activation to Treat Tumours
Recent research shows that mitochondria are critical for T cell function, regulating metabolic pathways essential for immune responses. Here are some of the papers that show mechanisms and strategies, such as mitochondrial transfer or genetic modification, to improve mitochondrial health and reinvigorate T cell activity against tumours.Mitochondria play a critical role in T cell function, providing energy and regulating metabolic pathways essential for immune responses. In cancer, the tumour microenvironment induces mitochondrial dysfunction in T cells, leading to exhaustion and reduced anti-tumour efficacy. Strategies to improve mitochondrial health, such as mitochondrial transfer or genetic modification, have shown promise in reinvigorating T cell activity against tumours. Targeting mitochondrial pathways in T cells offers a novel approach to improving cancer immunotherapies and overcoming tumour-induced immunosuppression. |
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Intercellular nanotube-mediated mitochondrial transfer enhances T cell metabolic fitness and antitumor efficacy |
PGE2 inhibits TIL expansion by disrupting IL-2 signalling and mitochondrial function |
FOXO1 enhances CAR T cell stemness, metabolic fitness and efficacy |
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Point of Interest - Bone marrow stromal cells transfer mitochondria to CD8+ T cells via nanotubes, requiring Talin 2 for optimal transfer. - Mitochondria-boosted T cells exhibit improved respiration, tumor infiltration, and reduced exhaustion, enhancing antitumor responses. - Intercellular mitochondrial transfer offers a new organelle-based therapy, advancing next-generation cell therapies for cancer treatment. |
Point of Interest - Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) impairs IL-2 sensing in CD8+ tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) by downregulating IL-2 receptor components, causing oxidative stress and cell death. - Blocking PGE2 signalling during TIL expansion restores IL-2 responsiveness, increasing TIL proliferation and improving tumour control in adoptive cell therapy. - Targeting PGE2 pathways enhances IL-2-driven T cell expansion, offering new strategies to improve cancer immunotherapy outcomes. |
Point of Interest - CAR T-cell therapy is less effective in solid tumours due to the immunosuppressive microenvironment that causes T-cell dysfunction. - Overexpression of FOXO1 enhances the stem-like phenotype, mitochondrial fitness and persistence of CAR T cells, thereby improving antitumour efficacy. - Engineering FOXO1 in CAR T cells offers a promising strategy to increase efficacy against solid tumours in cancer therapy. |
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Related Techniques | |||||||||||
Mitochondrial membrane potential detection | JC-1 MitoMP Detection Kit, MT-1 MitoMP Detection Kit | ||||||||||
Mitochondrial superoxide detection | MitoBright ROS Deep Red - Mitochondrial Superoxide Detection | ||||||||||
Mitophagy or autophagy detection | Mitophagy Detection Kit, Autophagic Flux Assay Kit | ||||||||||
Mitochondrial Staining | MitoBright LT Green / Red / Deep Red | ||||||||||
Glycolysis/Oxidative phosphorylation Assay | Glycolysis/OXPHOS Assay Kit, Extracellular OCR Plate Assay Kit | ||||||||||
Lipid Droplet Staining | Lipi-Blue/ Green/ Red/ Deep Red | ||||||||||
Intracellular / mitochondrial ferrous ion (Fe2+) detection | FerroOrange, Mito-FerroGreen | ||||||||||
Intracellular / mitochondrial lipid peroxidation detection | Liperfluo, MitoPeDPP | ||||||||||
Apoptosis detection in multiple samples | NEW Annexin V Apoptosis Plate Assay Kit | ||||||||||
Total ROS detection | Highly sensitive DCFH-DA or Photo-oxidation Resistant DCFH-DA | ||||||||||
Cell Proliferation / Cytotoxicity Assay | Cell Counting Kit-8, Cytotoxicity LDH Assay Kit-WST | ||||||||||
Related Applications | |||||||||||
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